中国动画100年 | 双语 | 中国动画100年，看我七十二变-图书资讯

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中国动画100年 | 双语 | 中国动画100年，看我七十二变

2022/11/15

无论是何年代生人，说到童年，一定都有一份关于动画的独家记忆，腾云驾雾的奇人异士，光怪陆离的轶闻趣谈，种下孩子对世界最初的好奇与善意。

1922年，由万氏兄弟制作的第一部动画广告片《舒振东华文打字机》上映，开启了中国动画百年序幕。从无到有、从短到长、从黑白到彩色、从无声到有声、从二维手绘到数字化设计，中国动画在继承传统和推陈出新中，讲述着中国故事，传播着中国文化，弘扬着中国精神。

1950s-1960s

50年代起，以上海美术电影制片厂为首的中国动画创作者，汲取传统艺术精华，开启了中国动画独立自主的艺术探索之路。

1960年，水墨动画《小蝌蚪找妈妈》问世，融入工笔重彩、水墨绘画、剪纸、皮影、年画、版画等多种传统艺术，将中国画独特的笔墨意境和审美旨趣发挥到淋漓尽致，以形写神、以神写意，追求“虚实相生、情景交融”的中国美学境界。

Adapted from an ink and wash painting by Qi Baishi - an influential Chinese painter noted for whimsical and playful style of works - Tadpoles Looking for Mummy is the maiden work of China's ink and wash animation genre. The 15-minute-long animation depicts tadpoles finally finding their mom after mistaking shrimps, goldfish, crabs, frogs and catfish for her. It posed various questions for children, such as asking them what kind of person they would like to be. The animation won the Honorary Award at the fourth Cannes International Film Festival in 1964.

1961年推出的《大闹天宫》在造型、布景、用色等方面融中国古代绘画、民间年画、庙宇建筑、佛像雕塑等众多艺术元素为一体，成就了动画电影“中国学派”的巅峰之作。其中孙悟空形象设计参考传统戏曲，面部以鲜明的色彩勾勒，成为不可逾越的经典形象，影响了其后很多艺术创作，也将中国动画艺术水准和声誉推向海外。

Produced from 1961 to 1964, the classic The Monkey King, or Havoc in Heaven, is China's first color animated film, and considered as the most influential production of Shanghai Art Film Studio. It was directed by world-class animator Wan Laiming and produced by Wan Brothers. The film is an adaptation of the 16th-century Chinese novel Journey to the West, which is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature.

The story revolves around the main character's birth and how he rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. The film was a sensation when it was first released in 1961. It won the Best Art award and Children's Literature award at the 2nd Chinese film Hundred Flowers Festival, the Outstanding Film award at the 1978 International London Film Festival and 13th Special Interest award at the Czech Republic Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.

1980s-1990s

“眼睛瞪得像铜铃，射出闪电般的机灵。耳朵竖得像天线，听着一切可疑的声音……”每当这个熟悉的主题曲响起，就知道要搬上小板凳坐在电视机前等着看《黑猫警长》了。

80-90年代，随着电视的普及，中国动画从大荧幕走向了小荧屏，优秀的动画作品井喷式出现，《葫芦兄弟》《舒克贝塔历险记》《大头儿子和小头爸爸》《小糊涂神》《海尔兄弟》《蓝猫淘气三千问》等佳作频出，人物造型和艺术形式上推陈出新，同时借鉴漫画的夸张手法，以另类、有趣的鲜明特点吸引了大批小观众。

Since the 1980s, Chinese animation boomed. There were impressive works. Five-episode Mr. Black, aka Black Cat Sheriff, depicts a black cat as a sheriff who led other police officers to wipe out villains from the forest they lived in. The Calabash Brothers, or Huluwa in Chinese, is definitely the darling of the 1980s generation. The Calabash brothers fought two demons: a snake and a scorpion. In a thirteen episode-long adventure, they used their powers to defeat them and keep the peace in the mountains forever. Even today, the characters are still very popular. TV programs still air the popular songs themed on the cartoon once in a while.

2010s-

近年来，中国动画以神话传说、民间故事、古代传奇等为创作源泉，产出了《大圣归来》《大鱼海棠》《哪吒之魔童降世》等一批内蕴中国精神、中国价值和中国气派的佳作。

如2015年上映的《西游记之大圣归来》，将传统与传承表达的淋漓尽致，故事依旧改编自《西游记》，但结合了新的时代语境，创造出贴合当下观众尤其是年轻观众的表达方式，油画透视与水墨渲染塑造大唐盛景，颠覆式地呈现了一个桀骜不驯、侠气冲天地齐天大圣的形象，以“公路片”的形式在旅途中收获成长与救赎，重新勾起大众对国漫的情怀与期待。

Entering the 21st century, Chinese animated films like the Boonie Bear and Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf have held their own against foreign competition. And these adapted materials have aired as TV series and cartoons for a family audience. But the past few years have brought new ambitions to Chinese animators.

The phenomenal sensation brought by Monkey King: Hero Is Back in 2015 has whetted the Chinese audience's appetite for a solid Chinese story. The mega hit Ne Zha directed the public attention to the progress of domestic writing talent, especially after it shattered box office records and became the fourth highest grossing film in China to date. Over 70 years of development, Chinese animated films have reinvented themselves and a brighter future is coming soon.

100年来，一代代中国动画人，潜心探索独属于中华民族的表达形式与艺术风格，形成了享誉世界的“中国动画学派”，一代代观众从孩童到成人，依旧怀揣勇气、骨气和不畏天高地厚的孩子气。中国动画承载着不止于童年记忆的情怀与梦想，新的100年的起点，经典不褪色，星火可燎原，未来广阔，理想不远。

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