在这个热热闹闹的狗年春节里，想必你肯定被可爱的汪星人包围了。今天小编也想继续跟大家聊一聊关于狗的话题，不过这一次我们要聊的是可以吃的“狗”——“热狗”的一些小知识。

热狗是美国文化的重要组成部分，是美国极具代表性的国民美食。每年的7月是全美热狗和香肠协会(National Hot Dog and Sausage Council) 定下的“热狗月”，当月的第三个星期三则是全美热狗日 (National Hot Dog Day) 。

然而热狗并不是美国土生土长的传统食物，那么热狗从哪里来，在美国社会生活中扮演着怎样的角色，又是为什么和“狗”扯上了关系？让我们一起来了解一下hot dog的历史文化。

Hot dog的起源

到底是法兰克福香肠还是维也纳香肠？

关于热狗的起源并没有准确的历史记载，但大多数人认为热狗源于德国的香肠。19世纪时，来自德国的移民将香肠这种食物带入美国。但除了德国人之外，奥地利人也自称热狗起源于他们的国家。

It's said that the frankfurter was developed there in 1487, five years before Christopher Columbus set sail for the new world. The people of Vienna (Wien), Austria, point to the term "wiener" to prove their claim as the birthplace of the hot dog.

As it turns out, it is likely that the North American hot dog comes from a widespread common European sausage brought here by butchers of several nationalities. Also in doubt is who first served the dachshund sausage with a roll. One report says a German immigrant sold them, along with milk rolls and sauerkraut, from a push cart in New York City during the 1860's. In 1871, Charles Feltman, a German baker opened up the first Coney Island hot dog stand selling 3,684 dachshund sausages in a milk roll during his first year in business.

frankfurter  法兰克福香肠、熏肠

wiener  维也纳香肠、小红肠

dachshund  腊肠犬，dachshund sausage因香肠外形与腊肠犬身形相似而得名 

sauerkraut  酸菜、腌菜，<美>德国泡菜的一种

push cart  手推车

Hot dog historian Bruce Kraig, Ph.D., retired professor emeritus at Roosevelt University, says the Germans always ate the dachshund sausages with bread. Since the sausage culture is German, it is likely that Germans introduced the practice of eating the dachshund sausages, which we today know as the hot dog, nestled in a bun.

retired professor emeritus 退休名誉教授

nestle  依偎、贴靠

Hot dog名称的由来

热“肠”如何变成热“狗”？

热狗的香肠由于外形与德国的腊肠犬相似，因此也被称为a "dachshund" or "little-dog" sausage。而hot dog这一名称据说是来自一幅体育漫画中的一个“美丽的错误”。

Some say the word was coined in 1901 at the New York Polo Grounds on a cold April day. Vendors were hawking hot dogs from portable hot water tanks shouting "They're red hot! Get your dachshund sausages while they're red hot!" A New York Journal sports cartoonist, Tad Dorgan, observed the scene and hastily drew a cartoon of barking dachshund sausages nestled warmly in rolls. Not sure how to spell "dachshund" he simply wrote "hot dog!" The cartoon is said to have been a sensation, thus coining the term "hot dog." However, historians have been unable to find this cartoon, despite Dorgan's enormous body of work and his popularity.

coin  杜撰、创造

hawk  叫卖

portable  轻便的、手提的

hastily  草草地、匆忙地、仓促地

enormous body of  大量的

Hot dog与体育

最受欢迎的赛场美食

热狗在美国与体育的紧密联系是众所周知的。早在1893年，热狗就成为了棒球赛场的必备食物。曾经有一项全国性的民意调查显示，热狗是体育场里最受球迷欢迎的食物，63%的球迷表示，热狗是必备的看球“伴侣”，88%的人表示他们在过去一年的观赛中吃过热狗或者在未来一年的观赛中想要买热狗来吃。一个在棒球场的小贩，一场球赛平均可以卖出150根热狗，一个赛季卖出10,000到12,000根。

In 1893, sausages became the standard fare at baseball parks. This tradition is believed to have been started by a St. Louis bar owner, Chris Von de Ahe, a German immigrant who also owned the St. Louis Browns major league baseball team.

standard fare 必备食物

Hot dog大胃王比赛

最热火朝天的“示爱”

美国人不仅喜欢吃热狗，还通过各种各样的活动来表达对于热狗的热爱。全美每年会举办许多和热狗有关的活动，这些活动中最为著名的当属每年7月4日由美国热狗连锁品牌Nathan’s Famous Corporation在纽约举办的吃热狗大赛The Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest。该项赛事从1916年举办至今已有超过百年的历史，是每年美国独立日的传统活动之一。

The Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest is an annual American hot dog competitive eating competition. It is held each year on Independence Day at Nathan's Famous Corporation's original, and best-known restaurant at the corner of Surf and Stillwell Avenues in Coney Island, a neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City.

大胃王Joey Chestnut 10 分钟内连续吃掉了 72 只热狗，成功卫冕，第十次赢得热狗大胃王男子组冠军，并刷新了此前由他自己创下的世界纪录。来自拉斯维加斯的Miki Sudo以 41 只热狗的成绩获得女子组大胃王称号，并刷新了个人最高纪录。

点击观看The Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest